Wading Through the Triduum's Rich Routine
The cyclical nature of the liturgical year allows for the building of memories tied to very specific moments in one’s life. Christmas is a highlight for many people; even for those who wouldn’t opt to worship regularly in the other 51 weeks of the year, many are drawn back to church for Midnight Mass. Some twice-a-year worshippers also stretch to include Easter Sunday (the term “Creasters” is sometimes used to describe such people).
As a church musician, and someone who goes to church for work every day, let alone every Sunday, I find Holy Week and the Triduum (the period of three days that begins with the liturgy on Maundy Thursday, reaches its high point in the Easter Vigil, and closes on Easter Sunday) a highly evocative time for me. Every year I find myself reflecting on past versions of the same or similar liturgies, and because I have been participating in Holy Week liturgies for a couple decades now, I’ve accumulated a fair number of memories, many of which pop up unexpectedly after being triggered by a psalm verse, hymn, anthem, or prayer. Having hopped around a few different denominations, I’ve also developed preferences when it comes to different hymn harmonizations, anthem settings, and other liturgical elements. It’s not truly Holy Week without experiencing several favorites: Duruflé's Ubi caritas, Sanders’ setting of The Reproaches, Lotti’s Crucifixus, Bach’s O Mensch bewein, and so many heartfelt hymn texts. And what a powerful moment in John 20, when the risen Christ exclaims, “Mary!”
Because I began singing as a chorister at the tender age of 8, my memories of Holy Week go hand in hand with the shifting stages of life. I used to throw my voice at Allegri’s top Cs on Good Friday, and sometimes I featured as Pilate in the chanted Passion Gospel, but as I got older my responsibilities changed, especially after taking up the organ. I recall a few Holy Weeks that coincided with Spring Break from school, which annoyingly meant none of the choristers could travel that week. Secretly, I was quite happy to spend more time at church and less at school, as the choir was my only real source of social life. After leaving Evanston for Rochester and while holding ‘real’ organist jobs for the first time, Holy Week was of course an intense time, especially as degree recitals and juries beckoned at the end of April. Even so, participating in as many liturgies as I could was always a priority during the Triduum. The next chapter, having begun in the last couple of years (i.e., life after school and organ scholarships) has maybe taken away a bit of the novelty of Holy Week that I enjoyed in my childhood; now the magic of the liturgies competes with the stresses of preparing to present a large volume of music in quick succession; will I utterly flub the final bars of the Widor Toccata? Will the brass mis-count their entrance again in the hymn introduction? Will the choir remember all of the intricate details we worked so hard to iron out in the past weeks’ rehearsals? Will the office photocopier hold out long enough to print the hundreds of orders of service needed for the long weekend?
Inevitably, some of the memories that surface each year during this week are unpleasant or frustrating. There was the champagne reception late on Saturday night after the Easter Vigil one year when an adult member of the back row drank too much and acted inappropriately to a young chorister (thankfully, another adult stepped in and I have since recovered). Or the Maundy Thursday when it was announced that a long-serving volunteer and member of the congregation passed away, coloring the service with an extra dimension of sadness. Or the particularly unpleasant Easter brunch at which a relationship ended. Or most recently, the gaping absence of services in the spring of 2020, when COVID denied us all the opportunity to worship together, leaving us to make do with archival recordings and hastily put-together broadcasts. Especially in the UK, where it marks the end of a school term, Holy Week has sometimes coincided with a changing of the musical guard and the pressures that accompany that transition for everyone involved. Still, even if the stakes feel higher due to these varied associations, the profundity of the scripture, music, and liturgy (ideally) overcomes such stressors.
I think it’s important to appreciate and acknowledge these bits of nostalgia, but I do my best not to get too drawn in by them, as the themes of the Triduum are far more important. This year, I have been especially mindful of how many stories mirror that of Christ’s, being put to death as an innocent man. I would imagine this year’s celebrations and commemorations are especially hard for families still reeling in Nashville, for refugees the world around, and for those in Ukraine and elsewhere experiencing an unrelenting war. The narrative of this week allows us to reflect on those in this world who suffer as a result of choices made by others who wield power over them: from war, from guns, from the bigotries of racism, sexism, homophobia, transphobia, and from every other injustice. Just as the anticipation of Advent is necessary for a fuller appreciation of Christmas, the anxiety, sadness, and confusion of Lent and Holy Week is what makes Easter all the sweeter. May we all reach that sweetness in due course, after weathering whatever wilderness we find ourselves in.
Summer 2022 Recap: AGO, RSCMA, and New, *Published* P&R
It’s been an eventful and fun summer, and I’ve been very grateful to have had the opportunity to participate in several edifying musical gatherings. First off, in June I headed to the UK (these are becoming bi-annual trips!) to see friends and family in Colchester, Peterborough, and Truro. As always, I felt right back at home and enjoyed the cooler weather, many trips to cathedrals and pubs, and lots of top choral singing.
Not long after returning to America, I prepared to travel a few time zones west, to Seattle for the first time, in preparation for the 2022 National Convention of the American Guild of Organists. I was lucky enough to play music of Howells and Mathias for the opening Evensong, under the direction of Zach Hemenway and the glorious choir of Epiphany Parish Seattle. You can read more about my experience at the Convention here:
Finally, in the middle of July I drove the five or so hours up to Durham, North Carolina, where I attended the final rehearsals and services of the 2022 RSCM (America) Carolina Course for Girls and Adults. This year happened to be the course’s 25th anniversary, and I had the immense honor of having been commissioned to write a set of Preces and Responses for use at the final Evensong of the week. It was a joy to hear my music sung by a choir of more than fifty voices, and I also had the pleasure of spending time with some of the choristers, young (over dinner) and old (over martinis) alike. The responses were commissioned by my old boss, Dr. Robert Poovey, with whom I worked as a Master’s student at St. Paul’s, Rochester, and he did an excellent job leading the choir. The recording from that final Evensong is on YouTube, and if you’d like to hear the P&R on their own, they can be heard here and here. Aside from my own selfish enjoyment of hearing my music in such a glorious building (Duke Chapel is worth a visit, if you’re ever in that part of the country), it was also encouraging to see so many young people with true enthusiasm about choral music. It reminded me of my own nerdy delight at being a part of RSCM courses, over 15 years ago.
One other perk of being asked to write music was the chance to share it more widely with the choral world, and thanks to generous support from Sarah MacDonald and Selah Publishing, I’m pleased that the Preces and Responses are now available for purchase. I never thought I’d be a “real” composer (and still don’t feel I deserve that title in any way), but I wonder now if perhaps these responses should be accompanied by a set of evening canticles; stay tuned…
If you’d like to look at a sample copy or order your own set of my Responses, you can find more information here: https://www.selahpub.com/Choral/ChoralTitles/410-981-PrecesAndResponses-Kaufman.html
Now I am looking ahead to another program year at Glenn Memorial, complete with choir rehearsals, planning meetings, and lots of organ practice. In addition, I have a small but mighty studio of organ students, and I am looking forward to starting my new role as Chapel Organist at the Candler School of Theology, which is a short walk away from Glenn, across Emory’s campus. Things are looking good!
Wielding The Power That Music Holds
While working as a church musician in an increasingly secular society, where identifying as Christian can be misconstrued as identifying as a narrow-minded, gay-hating hypocrite, I’ve learned to answer the questions “Do you believe in God?” and “Are you religious?” in several different ways, depending on who is asking. If a friend my age inquires, and I expect they might react with scorn if I identified as a “believer” (what a horrid term that is, by the way), I might say, “Yes, well, I love the ritual and music of the church, but I’m not so sure if I believe in God.” If the question comes up in an interview, I might finagle my answer into something like, “For me, I experience God through music, by way of producing it in a communal context and through offering my own solo interpretations…” In other contexts, I might just say “I don’t know, but I prefer to keep that kind of stuff private, thank you very much.” The fact that music has always been attractive to me and integral to my personal identity is undeniable and not in question, but what I have been trying to figure out recently is how that plays into my faith; the two have always been intertwined and contribute to each other, but are they even separate at all?
A favorite phrase that echoes in my head often is “Music is something of the spirit.” Music has the ability to circumvent logic and skip straight to your sinews, to your gut. It is evocative and incredibly powerful; look at the often-shared stories and videos of Alzheimer’s patients miraculously engaging with songs from their youth. Or perhaps there’s a certain song you encounter on the radio, which always brings you back to a moment in your past, or an important person in your life. Everyone recognizes this power that music holds - what culture in the world doesn’t place some sort of value in music or chant?
I think people tend to resonate most strongly with music that they know well, though this is not always the case. But I’d hazard a guess that if you quizzed the average symphony attendees about their favorite piece on a program, the overwhelming majority would respond with the well-beloved Mozart or Beethoven symphony, rather than the new, more modern world premiere, simply because the former is something they’ve heard before. After enough time living with a piece of music, one can enjoy and look forward to all its twists and turns over and over, just like a favorite book or film.
For those who don't identify as musically-inclined (though I do think it is innately human to encounter God/anything profound through music, and not just for those with degrees in it), I am convinced that “academic” tastes in music can still be made accessible, especially when properly introduced. After doing my weekly organ videos for my church’s YouTube channel, I can’t tell you how many people (mainly non-organists) expressed some sort of appreciation for my digestible introductions to the pieces performed — and some of this music was very niche, even for organists! This demonstrates to me that good music in an approachable context can serve everyone, especially in church.
Something I find complicated about my own sacred music preferences is how specific they are. There is an unwritten list of composers, styles, and eras that I find far more convincing than others, and I am quick to look down upon those not on that list. But who am I to judge any piece that someone likely poured their heart, soul, and talent into creating? Am I still being an advocate for organists and worship leaders if my preferences are misunderstood as simple snobbery? Has my training, first as a chorister and then at a music conservatory, made me less qualified to lead a congregation or choir in singing, because my views might be seen as loftier than that of the average Joe? The last thing I want to do is discourage anyone through my music choices.
This harkens back to the debate about what sort of music we should be making in church. There are SO many strong opinions about this, and each one is likely tied to the tradition with which someone is most familiar:
Church music should be an extension of what we encounter in our daily life; why make it any different from what we might hear on the pop station of a radio? [As I write this, a neighbor in my apartment complex is blasting some Christian Praise music. I can’t actually make out the words, but the repetitive chord progressions and pulsing beat are unmistakable.]
Church music offers something sacred and separate from our earthly lives. It is an offering to God, and we need to offer our very best and closest attempt at perfection, because that’s what God deserves.
God doesn’t care how in tune we are when we sing praises; loosen up a bit and just enjoy the communal fellowship in song.
Music shouldn’t be too fancy, or else it distracts from the real point of church: the Gospel.
If the music is too complicated, it will just alienate the congregation.
We need not dwell so much on hymns; let’s skip a few verses or play the tune quicker, so that the service doesn’t take up more than an hour of our sabbath day. [This one really bugs me; please don’t forget that hymns are prayers and poetry, “to sing is to pray twice”…]
Music should be for everyone to take part in. It’s divisive and alienating for the choir to sing while the congregation only gets to listen.
The actual musical notes really don’t matter; it’s all about the sincerity of the performance.